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Japan launches MMX mission to return Phobos samples

Japan kicks off the MMX space mission heading to Mars moon Phobos, aiming to collect and return surface samples with touchdown planned for 2029.

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Inewgen
21 Oct 2026Source: Ars Technica1 min read (0 views)
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Japan launches MMX mission to return Phobos samples

Stock photo for illustration only, not from the actual event

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  • JAXA launches the MMX spacecraft toward the Martian moon Phobos
  • The mission climax involves up to two landing attempts in 2029
  • The primary goal is to bring back surface samples to Earth

The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency has officially initiated a bold deep-space journey directed at Phobos, one of the natural moons orbiting Mars, with the ultimate objective of bringing a piece of the celestial body back home.

Known as the MMX mission, this ambitious interplanetary endeavor is designed to uncover long-held mysteries surrounding the formation and evolution of the Martian moons as the spacecraft navigates through deep space.

2029Year of planned Phobos landing attempts
2Maximum number of landing tries

The defining moment for the MMX mission is scheduled to take place in 2029, when the spacecraft will execute up to two distinct landing operations on the rugged surface of Phobos to harvest material samples.

Mars moon Phobos space exploration spacecraft concept

Stock photo for illustration only, not from the actual event

JAXA's Phobos sample-return mission represents a major milestone in planetary exploration. Understanding whether Phobos and Deimos are captured asteroids or the result of a massive ancient impact helps scientists piece together the history and formation dynamics of the inner solar system.

Source: Ars Technica

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